Understands and applies knowledge of interactions of energy and matter
"Interactions of energy and matter" is an essential concept of a world-class secondary science curriculum. Included in "interactions of energy and matter" is the following content:
Waves, including sound and seismic waves, waves on water, and light waves, have energy and can transfer energy when they interact with matter.
- Wave phenomena
- Energy and matter
- Energy transfer
Electromagnetic waves result when a charged object is accelerated or decelerated. Electromagnetic waves include radio waves (the longest wavelength), microwaves, infrared radiation (radiant heat), visible light, ultraviolet radiation, x-rays, and gamma rays. The energy of electromagnetic waves is carried in packets whose magnitude is inversely proportional to the wavelength.
- Electromagnetic waves
- Energy
- Wave phenomena
Each kind of atom or molecule can gain or lose energy only in particular discrete amounts and thus can absorb and emit light only at wavelengths corresponding to these amounts. These wavelengths can be used to identify the substance.
- Electromagnetic Waves
- Atomic structure
- Quantization of energy
- Spectroscopy
In some materials, such as metals, electrons flow easily, whereas in insulating materials such as glass they can hardly flow at all. Semiconducting materials have intermediate behavior. At low temperatures some materials become superconductors and offer no resistance to the flow of electrons.
- Solid state materials
- Conductors, insulators, and semiconductors
- Superconductivity
- Electrical circuits
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